Wild and open-air

Caves, dunes, canyons and amphitheatres cut into rock. 19 rooms across 12 countries. Open any one for when to go, how to get there and what it sounds like inside.

Americas 9 rooms

Crowds packed into the stands of the Sambódromo at night

Sambódromo da Marquês de Sapucaí

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil · Open-air

Oscar Niemeyer's 1984 concrete parade canyon, purpose-built for Rio Carnival samba schools to march their 4,000-strong baterias past at 130 BPM.

El Castillo pyramid at Chichén Itzá under a partly cloudy sky

Chichén Itzá (El Castillo)

Yucatán, Mexico · Place

El Castillo at Chichén Itzá is a Maya pyramid, not a music venue. A handclap at the foot of its staircase returns a chirp-like echo often compared to a quetzal.

Excavated Aztec ruins of the Templo Mayor with colonial buildings behind

Templo Mayor

Mexico City, Mexico · Place

Templo Mayor is the excavated Mexica twin temple beside Mexico City's Zócalo, with a museum. A place to visit, not a named music venue.

Ancient stone walls among trees at the Temple of the Moon, Peru

Temple of the Moon (Huayna Picchu)

Machu Picchu, Peru · Place

The Temple of the Moon is a set of caves with fine Inca stonework on the north face of Huayna Picchu, near Machu Picchu. A place to visit, not a music venue.

A clear river running over rocks beneath snow-capped peaks in the Sacred Valley

The Sacred Valley

Cusco region, Peru · Place

The Sacred Valley in Peru is a region where travellers find informal ecstatic-dance and ceremonial gatherings. A place, not a named or bookable venue.

A road passing beneath an arch of bamboo

The Bamboo Cathedral

Chaguaramas, Trinidad and Tobago · Natural

The Bamboo Cathedral is a road where tall bamboo arches overhead in Tucker Valley, Chaguaramas, Trinidad. A place to walk and listen, not a named venue.

Red Rocks Amphitheatre viewed from the top, with the stage below the red sandstone walls

Red Rocks Amphitheatre

Morrison, United States · Natural

Two 300-ft red sandstone monoliths framing a stage at 6,450 ft elevation, west of Denver. A natural amphitheatre 300 million years in the making.

A crowd gathered under a cavern roof lit purple and blue at The Caverns

The Caverns

Pelham, United States · Natural

A 333-ft-deep subterranean amphitheatre in Big Mouth Cave on the Cumberland Plateau. Home of Bluegrass Underground, where stalactites do the reverb work.

The amphitheatre above the Columbia River gorge

The Gorge Amphitheatre

George, United States · Open-air

27,500-cap natural amphitheatre carved into the cliffs above the Columbia River Gorge in central Washington State. Opened 1986.